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The effects of phosphorus (P) and lime application on yield and biomass and P uptake and utilization of sweet corn were evaluated with a field experiment. Research on the appropriate rate of P application would provide a theoretical basis in improving sweet corn yield and P use efficiency. The field experiment was a split-plot design with main-plot randomly assigned into each of four blocks. The main-plot treatments were four P application rates (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg/hm2, expressed as P0, P60, P120 and P180). The split-plot factors were two lime levels (0 and 750 kg/hm2, expressed as L0 and L1). The responses of sweet corn yield, P uptake, soil available P and P fertilizer utilization efficiency to P fertilizer application and lime application were studied. The yield of sweet corn increased significantly under P120 and P180 treatments without lime by 19.4% and 18.5%, respectively, compared with P0 treatment. Compared to P0, the yield of sweet corn increased significantly by 14.0% under P60 treatment with lime. Under P60 treatment, lime increased the yield of sweet corn significantly by 12.7%. P fertilizer application increased both total biomass and P uptake of sweet corn significantly. After two sweet corn growing seasons, soil available P under P60 treatment had no significant difference comparing with the original value. Soil available P basically maintained a balance under P60 treatment. Soil available P in P120 and P180 treatments increased by 103.8% and 228.4%, respectively, compared with the original value, and soil available P increased obviously in 0-20 cm soil layer. The fresh ear yield per P uptake and P physiological efficiency decreased significantly with P application rates. Also, the P use efficiency of sweet corn declined with P application rates. P agronomic efficiency, recovery efficiency, and partial factor productivity increased significantly under lime treatments with P60 treatment, compared with no-lime treatments. Together, these results indicated that the application of 60 kg/hm2 P fertilizer combined with lime can be an efficient way to obtain high yield and P utilization efficiency of sweet corn and maintain the balance of soil available P.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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