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Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are the most widely distributed oligosaccharides containing galactose (-Gol) in higher plants. Raffinose (Raf) and stachyose (Sta) are the main members of this family, which are used as osmotic agents or active oxygen scavengers in many plants to maintain cell integrity. Glycosyl hydrolase 36 family (GH36) is a kind of α-galactosidase, which can catalyze oligosaccharides containing -Gol to produce RFOs. Hevea brasiliensis is an important plant for synthesizing natural rubber. After tapping and stimulation by exogenous ethylene, glycosyl hydrolases accumulate in latex and play an important role in maintaining latex stability. Eight genes (HbGH36-1-8) of glycosyl hydrolase 36 family (HbGH36) were successfully identified to search for functional hydrolases in the latex of H. brasiliensis. QRT-PCR analysis showed that five genes (HbGH36-1, HbGH36-4, HbGH36-6, HbGH36-7, HbGH36-8) were obviously expressed in latex. Among the five genes, HbGH36-4, HbGH36-6, HbGH36-7 and HbGH36-8 were highly expressed in response to tapping stimulation, and the expression levels of HbGH36-4 and HbGH36-7 changed more obviously. HbGH36-1, HbGH36-4, HbGH36-6 and HbGH36-7 expressed at high levels in response to exogenous ethylene stimulation, and HbGH36-6 expressed at high levels for a relatively long time after ethylene stimulation. Western blot of different components of H. brasiliensis latex confirmed that HbGH36-1 and HbGH36-8 were expressed in C-serum component of latex. The results indicate that H. brasiliensis HbGH36s may be involved in the regulation of latex stability and latex physiological metabolism in response to tapping and ethylene stimulation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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