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Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is the most significant global sugar crop, contributing approximately 80% of total sugar production worldwide. Developing high-yielding and high-sugar-content varieties is critical for enhancing sugar industry sustainability. To support this goal and optimize hybrid breeding strategies, this study evaluated 71 sugarcane hybrid combinations derived from 75 parental lines, using six key agronomic traits: plant height, stalk diameter, brix (juice sugar content), number of effective stalks, cane yield and sugar yield. The main objective was to assess general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), to identify superior parental lines and hybrid combinations for sugarcane breeding programs. The GCA/SCA analyses were performed using the R software. Clustering analyses were conducted based on combining ability values to classify parental materials and hybrid combinations into distinct genetic performance groups. Results showed substantial genetic variation across hybrids, particularly in yield-related traits, with coefficients of variation exceeding 39.00% for effective stalks, cane yield and sugar yield, highlighting significant breeding potential. Conversely, brix exhibited the lowest variation (8.05%), indicating high genetic stability for sugar content traits. Notably, HoCP05-902, GT96-211, YT93-124, YT93-159, GT00-122 and YR05-704 were identified as elite male parents, while GT94-119, CP72-1210 and Eros were outstanding female lines. Two combinations, CP72-1210×GT96-211 and GT94-119×YT93-159, exhibited superior GCA and SCA values, achieving excellent performance in both yield and sugar content. Additionally, GCA/SCA ratio analysis revealed that cane yield exhibited significant additive effects primarily inherited from the male parent. In conclusion, this research provides valuable theoretical guidance and genetic resources for sugarcane breeding, highlighting key parental lines and hybrid combinations that can serve as core materials in developing next-generation high-yield, high-sugar sugarcane cultivars.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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