Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are important secondary metabolites released by forest plants, playing a crucial role in plant growth, development and environmental regulation. This study focused on rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) widely cultivated in Hainan Island. Using dynamic headspace sampling coupled with thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we systematically analyzed the emission characteristics of BVOCs and the environmental influencing factors across rubber trees of different stand ages (5, 15, 20 and 25 years). The diurnal variation of BVOCs exhibited a unimodal curve, with peak emissions concentrated between 10:30 and 13:00. BVOC emission rates decreased significantly with increasing stand age (5 years >15 years >20 years >25 years), and emissions during the rainy season were significantly higher than those during the dry season. The diversity of monoterpenes (MTs), other terpenes (OTs) and oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) decreased with stand age, while sesquiterpenes (STs) remained stable. BVOC emissions showed significant positive correlations with net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and light intensity (P<0.05), with light intensity being the primary influencing factor. The effects of air temperature and humidity on BVOC emissions increased with stand age. This study elucidated the age-related effects and seasonal dynamics of BVOC emissions in rubber plantations, providing a scientific basis for assessing the ecological and environmental impacts of tropical artificial forests.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |