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The identification and evaluation of superior germplasm are the foundation for the research on germplasm resources and breeding utilization. 45 citronella grass resources from Hainan, Fujian, Guizhou, Yunnan and other regions were assayed to evaluate the essential oil content. The agronomic traits, essential oil content and main components of essential oil of the resources at different cutting stages were analyzed in Kunming. The results showed that there were significant differences in total grass length, leaf length, leaf width, biological yield and essential oil content among different cutting periods and different materials. Correlation analysis between characteristic traits and essential oil content revealed that the essential oil content was significantly negatively correlated with leaf length and significantly positively correlated with leaf width. Systematic cluster analysis based on agronomic traits and essential oil content divided the resources into 5 groups. The Ⅰ group contained 36 materials, and all materials were identified as Cymbopogon citra=tus, The Ⅱ group had 4 materials, all in Cymbopogon winterianus. Cymbopogon caesius and Cymbopogon hamatulus were individually clustered into the Ⅳ and Ⅴ groups, respectively. A standard for identifying and grading superior germplasm oriented towards essential oil yield was established, and the 45 resources were divided into three grades, including 6 in the first grade, 18 in the second grade and 21 in the third grade. In addition, the analysis of essential oil content and main components of 16 germplasm in Yuanmou test region at 6 different periods showed that the accumulation of essential oil did not increase with the extension of planting time, and the contents of main components in essential oil also varied in different periods. Geraniol reached the highest value in January; Linalool had the highest content in March; Geranyl acetate peaked in September; Citronellyl acetate had the highest content in January, and β-myrcene was the highest in May. This study would provide a scientific basis for the identification and evaluation of superior citronella grass germplasm, breeding utilization, and the production and utilization of high-quality and high-yield raw materials.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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