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Organic fertilizer can effectively improve soil fertility and microbial diversity, as well as metabolic activity, in facility cultivation. It can also alleviate problems such as water-heat imbalance, soil secondary salinization, acid-base imbalance, reduced microbial diversity, and insufficient nutrient supply in facility greenhouses. Currently, however, research on organic fertilizers mostly focuses on open fields and field crops, and most studies use animal manure as the organic fertilizer. This study selected Hainan coir organic fertilizer and bio-enzyme-active bacterial fertilizer as bottom fertilizers. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to study how different bottom fertilizers and their dosages affect soil nutrient and microbial changes in facility greenhouses. The goal was to identify effective fertilization methods for improving soil. The results showed that: (1) The application of 14 286 kg/hm2 of coir organic fertilizer effectively improved soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, effective phosphorus, and quick-acting potassium. The bio-enzyme-activated bacterial fertilizer improved the soil's total nitrogen, effective phosphorus, and quick-acting potassium levels, but the effect was weaker than that of the coir organic fertilizer. The CK indicators were generally lower than the pre-planting levels. (2) The number of soil bacterial OTUs generally decreased after planting. However, organic fertilizer treatments, especially bioenzyme treatments, could partially restore or enhance microbial diversity. Coconut coir organic fertilizer was more conducive to the proliferation of beneficial bacterial flora, such as Rhizobiales and Paecilomyces spp. WSH L07. Bioenzyme-activated bacterial fertilizers had an effect on Sphingomonadales, Rhodospirillales, and Aspergillus terreus.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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