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This study investigated the population stability and productivity of ratoon sugarcane through inter-varietal replanting, aiming to provide agronomic insights for prolonging ratoon cycles and enhancing population stability and productivity through improved cultivation management. Using the second ratoon crop of sugarcane variety Guitang 42(GT) scheduled for replanting after mechanical harvest, replanting was done with the variety Guifu 98-296 (GF) seedcanes (termed inter-varietal replanting) in the place where the cropping row was broken because of missing sugarcane stubbles, with the same untreated ratoon crop as the control (CK). Emergence rate, ratoon sprouting rate, plant height, stalk formation rate, and cane yield in the first-year replanted GT ratoon sugarcane (R1), R1+newly planted GF (GF0) (set the same CK as CK1), second replanted ratoon (R2), and R2+first ratoon GF (GF1) (set the same CK as CK2) were evaluated. Economic benefits were analyzed across treatments. The results indicated that in the first year after replanting, the GF0 exhibited a emergence rate of 88.61%, which was significantly higher than that of R1 and CK1. GF demonstrated markedly greater plant height increment compared to CK1 and R1 but no significant difference existed between CK1 and R1 between May and December. At the maturity stage, neither the stalk formation rate nor the cane yield differences showed statistically significant between CK1 and R1. However, the millable stalks in the sugarcane population (R1+GF0) significantly increased to 62 265 per hectare, resulting in extremely significantly higher cane yield with 24.60 tons per hectare or 35.34% increase over CK1. In the second year, the sprouting rate of GF1 reached 260.48%, which was extremely significantly higher than that in R2 and CK2. Its plant height difference between May and December was also extremely significantly greater than that of CK2 and R2, and there was no significant difference in that between CK2 and R2. At the maturity period, the stalk formation rate and cane yield in CK2 and R2 were both significantly lower than those in the previous ratoon crop, but the cane yield in the treatment R2+GF1 was extremely significantly higher than that in CK2 by 4.62% with an increase rate of 161.75%. This indicated that the increased cane yield in variety mixed ratoon crop populations mainly came from GF. Economic benefit analysis showed that in the first year after replanting, sugarcane farmers and sugar factories increased their income by 8164.88 Yuan/hm2 and 17 655.00 Yuan/hm2, respectively. After replanting treatment, the difference in increased revenue between the first and second years for sugarcane farmers and sugar factories was approximately 2.98 times. Replanting the elite sugarcane variety GF to the ratoon cane of the main cultivated variety GT under mechanical harvesting conditions could effectively address the severe problem of missing plants and broken rows caused by mechanical compaction. This approach significantly increased the millable stalks in the sugarcane population, prolonged the ratoon duration by two more years, and showed a noticeable increase in cane yield and income. Therefore, the replanting technology system of GF is worth promoting in China’s sugarcane-growing areas.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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