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Monascus is usually used in food and medical industries. To explore the biocontrol potential of Monascus and its secondary metabolites against plant biocontrol pathogens, in this study, through the isolation and identification of the fungi from humus samples in the rain forest, a total of five strains growing well on the potato dextrose agar medium were screened, the colonies were red, with typical Monascus morphological characteristics. The strains were identified as Monascus sanguineus based on the sequencing and analysis of ITS, LSU and pksKS gene sequences, The results of antagonistic experiments showed that the five strains of Monascus had better and more obvious inhibitory effects on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, F. oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilium, Phytophthora capsici, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. After fermentation of Monascus with different media, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis were carried out. It was found that Monascus could produce abundant secondary metabolites with strong antibacterial activity on solid medium, especially on wheat bran medium. The further pot experiment proved that Monascus could effectively reduce the wilt index of cowpea, and the best biocontrol effect was obtained when the spore concentration was 106 CFU/mL. In summary, Monascus isolated from tropical rain forest showed good results of better biocontrol of plant diseases, and the secondary metabolites obtained by fermentation in rice medium had strong antibacterial activity, and could effectively control cowpea blight. Monascus strains isolated from tropical rain forest have great potential in plant disease biocontrol application, which can provide more abundant strains selection for plant disease biocontrol.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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