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The application of exogenous trace elements can help improve the yield and quality of certain economic crops. However, the effects of exogenous zinc on the photosynthetic physiological characteristics and volatile compounds in Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. (Pandan) remain unclear. Therefore, this study established a field control experiment on Pandan leaves with different zinc spray treatments, 0 kg/hm2 (CK), 3.2 kg/hm2 (Zn1), 4.0 kg/hm2 (Zn2), and 4.8 kg/hm2 (Zn3). The aim was to monitor the temporal and spatial dynamics of the photosynthetic rate and volatile compounds content following zinc fertilization. The results indicated that Zn2 treatment significantly increased the chlorophyll content, promoted the leaf growth and development, and resulted in the highest leaf count at all stages post-treatment. However, prolonged high-concentration zinc fertilization could inhibit leaf expansion and plant height. The photosynthetic physiology, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate increased with zinc concentration. Around 30 days post-treatment, Zn3 treatment performed the best, followed by Zn2 treatment. Zinc fertilization increased the content of volatile compounds. Zn2 and Zn3 treatments were notably effective in promoting the synthesis of several volatile compounds, such as 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, 2-hexadecanol, and ethyl palmitate. Under Zn2 treatment, the content of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and 2-hexadecanol increased by 203% and 80.89%, respectively, compared with CK. Zn1 treatment significantly increased 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline content at 20 days post-application, while Zn3 treatment significantly promoted the synthesis of squalene, neophytadiene, and phytol. Correlation analysis showed that the main volatile compounds in Pandan interacted with agronomic traits and photosynthetic physiological indicators. The increase in photosynthetic rate and leaf count promoted the synthesis of squalene and neophytadiene, whereas elevated intercellular CO2 concentration might inhibit the accumulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and squalene. This study demonstrates that appropriate zinc fertilization can effectively enhance photosynthesis, increase chlorophyll content, promote leaf growth, and boost the content of volatile compounds and characteristic volatile compounds in Pandan. The findings would provide a theoretical basis for optimizing high-efficiency cultivation techniques for Pandan and promoting the sustainable development of Pandan-related industries.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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