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The technology of secondary somatic embryo cyclic multiplication has realized the large-scale propagation of somatic embryo plantlets (self-rooted juvenile clones) of Hevea brasiliensis. This technology needs to cut the cotyledon embryo into 2 mm×2 mm pieces. A large amount of ethylene and reactive oxygen species (ROS) will be produced at the wound site, and much ethylene and ROS will also formed during culture process. Ethylene and ROS have adverse effects on somatic embryogenesis of H. brasiliensis. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) is an ethylene inhibitor and also affects enzyme activity. In this paper, the effects of different AgNO3 concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 mg/L) and different time (7, 14, 21, 28 days) on the embryo block browning and secondary somatic embryogenesis of H. brasiliensis were studied, and the phenotype and ploidy of regenerated plantlets were evaluated. AgNO3 significantly reduced the browning of embryo blocks and the production of ROS. The effect of 5-15 mg/L was better than that of 2.5 mg/L, and the effect of 21 days treatment was better than that of the other three treatments. 2.5-15.0 mg/L AgNO3 treated 7-28 days did not significantly increase the number of embryonic blocks, but the number of cotyledon embryos in 5.0 mg/L AgNO3 treated for 21 and 28 days, 10.0 mg/L AgNO3 treated for 21 days, and 15.0 mg/L AgNO3 treated for 7-21 days were significantly higher than those in the control. The number of embryonic blocks was negatively correlated with browning, but not significantly, the number of cotyledon embryos was significantly negatively correlated with browning. The phenotype of regenerated plantlets from AgNO3 treatments had no obvious difference compared with the control, and the chromosome ploidy was the same as the control. The results would provide technical support for improving the efficiency of secondary somatic embryogenesis in H. brasiliensis.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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