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Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) plays a crucial role in the sucrose synthesis process, and investigating the biological functions of the SPS family in durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) can contribute to enhancing fruit quality. In the durian genome, 10 SPS members were identified and designated as DzSPS1 to DzSPS10. The results indicated that the average hydrophobicity coefficient was less than 0, with isoelectric points ranging from 5.70 to 6.68, suggesting that they are hydrophilic acidic proteins. Subcellular localization predictions primarily placed them on the cell membrane and nucleus. Analysis of conserved motifs within the gene family revealed variations in the number and distribution of motifs among durian SPS members, although all contained motif 3, indicating that motif 3 is a significant conserved domain within the durian SPS gene family. Gene structure analysis showed that durian SPS genes were structurally similar, containing 8 to 15 exons and 7 to 13 introns. Phylogenetic tree analysis demonstrated that durian SPS genes could be divided into two subfamilies, with subfamily Ⅱ comprising nine members and subfamily Ⅰ containing one member. Compared to SPS genes in horticultural fruit trees such as cacao and citrus, durian SPS genes exhibited closer phylogenetic relationships with Arabidopsis and rice SPS genes. Seven members of the durian SPS family shared high spatial structural similarity, with secondary structures predominantly consisting of α-helices and random coils. Cis-acting element analysis suggested that durian SPS genes may be readily induced by response elements related to light, low temperature, drought, and gibberellin. This study detected that the primary soluble sugars in durian fruit are sucrose, fructose, and glucose, with sucrose content significantly higher than that of fructose and glucose, and notable differences observed among different varieties. Fluorescence quantitative analysis revealed significant variations in SPS expression levels among different durian varieties, with the expression patterns of DzSPS3 and DzSPS7 correlating with changes in total sugar content between varieties, suggesting that DzSPS3 and DzSPS7 may be key members involved in sugar accumulation. By analyzing the structure and physicochemical properties of durian SPS genes and exploring the SPS accumulation characteristics in different varieties, this study would provide a reference for further investigation into the biological functions of the SPS family in durian.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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