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Based on the panel data of 18 cities (counties) in Hainan, China from 2012 to 2022, combining the non-expected output super efficiency SBM model and Tobit regression mode, this paper analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of agricultural eco-efficiency and influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency in cities (counties) of Hainan. From 2012 to 2022, the average agricultural eco-efficiency in Hainan showed obvious grading characteristics of central region>western region>eastern region. The agricultural eco-efficiency at the county scale of Hainan improved significantly year by year. The average agricultural eco-efficiency was 0.541, and the number of cities (counties) above the average value was 7. In terms of spatial change, the overall distribution characteristics of agricultural eco-efficiency were “spreading from the middle to the east and west”, and the distribution characteristics of full efficiency and high efficiency were block and chain. The cities (counties) with medium efficiency were distributed around the cities and counties with full efficiency and high efficiency. The trend lines in the north-south direction and the east-west direction showed the characteristics of inverted U-shape. The temporal and spatial evolution of agricultural eco-efficiency in Hainan at the provincial scale was influenced by several key factors, including the level of farmers’ income, intensity of agricultural mechanization, use of agricultural chemicals, and urbanization rate. At different regional scales, farmers’ income level was the main factor affecting agricultural eco-efficiency in the eastern region, while urbanization rate, intensity of agricultural chemical input use and farmland irrigation rate were the main factors affecting agricultural eco-efficiency in the central region. Urbanization rate, farmers’ income level, agricultural industrial structure, intensity of use of agricultural chemical inputs and farmland irrigation rate were the main factors affecting agricultural eco-efficiency in the western region. On the whole, the agricultural eco-efficiency of all cities (counties) in Hainan showed an upward trend, and there were some differences in the agricultural eco-efficiency among different regions. In the future, we should explore the priorities of agricultural development in different regions according to local conditions to effectively improve agricultural eco-efficiency.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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