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The study was aimed to investigate the effects of fruit bagging on disease and pest incidence, pesticide usage rate and quality of fruits in the cultivation of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and to provide support for the high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation technique of jackfruit. With ten cultivars of jackfruit used as the experimental materials, the incidence of disease and pest and the number of new wormholes were calculated for bagging and non-bagging fruits. At the same time, the appearance quality such as the color of fruit pericarp and pulp were evaluated, and the content of soluble solid was determined. Moreover, the frequency and amount of pesticide application in the whole growing season were counted. The results showed that the rhizopus rot incidence of non-bagging fruits was 10.48%-25.00%, the rhizopus rot incidence in bagging fruits was only 0-2.62%, and the rhizopus rot incidence was reduced by 77.55%-100.00% in bagging fruits of ten cultivars. Similarly, the anthracnose incidence of all cultivars of non-bagging and bagging fruits was 10.00%-30.24% and 0-4.56% respectively, and the anthracnose incidence of bagging fruits decreased by 69.99%-100.00%. In addition, the incidence of jackfruit borer in all cultivars ranged from 23.33%-37.50% in non-bagging fruits and 4.00%-8.33% in bagging fruits, with the incidence of bagging fruits decreased by 74.62%-88.35%, in which the number of new wormholes and insects in bagging fruits of each cultivar was significantly less than those in non-bagging fruits. Compared to the non-bagging fruit, the bagging fruit was fuller in shape, the fruit surface was smoother, and the pericarp color was uniform. The non-bagging fruits had disadvantages of deformed fruit shape and uneven pericarp color. Bagging had no significant effect on the soluble solids content. By bagging the fruit, the frequency of pesticide application was reduced by 5 times and the amount of pesticide application was reduced by 85.87%. In summary, fruit bagging can be used as an eco-friendly management method of jackfruit, which can reduce the application of chemical pesticides while reducing the disease and pest of jackfruit, and maintaining the fruit quality.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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