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In recent years, under the intensifying global warming, extreme weather has occurred more frequently in Guangxi, presenting higher temperature and less rainfall in summer and autumn. The worsened drought has seriously affected sugarcane production. Scientifically selecting an appropriate planting time is an important way to cope with the summer and autumn drought. A sugarcane field test was conducted at the Shatang National Agricultural Meteorological Experimental Station in Liuzhou, Guangxi in 2021 and 2022. By utilizing typical hot and dry seasons in summer and autumn, the field experiments were conducted with three sugarcane varieties and the seedcanes were planted at seven different times from February to May to study the impact of summer and autumn hot and dry conditions on sugarcane yield traits at different planting times. The experimental results indicated that: (1) Under the conditions of high temperature and drought in summer and autumn, delayed planting tended to decrease the stalk length, stalk diameter, single stalk weight, and theoretical cane yield at harvest. Planting time A1 in 2021 and 2022, the stalk length of each variety was 178–227 cm, stalk diameter was 27.6–30.3 mm, and single stalk weight was 1.05–1.42 kg, while planting time A7, the stalk length was only 76–145 cm, stalk diameter was 21.5–30.0 mm, and single stalk weight was 0.26–0.85 kg. (2) Planting sugarcane in March resulted in the cane yield between 76.65 t/hm2 and 104.10 t/hm2. Sugarcane could utilize the favorable meteorological conditions at the early stages to alleviate the impact of summer and autumn heat and drought on sugarcane. The sugarcane crops planting from April to May was significantly affected by drought, Planting sugarcane on May 30th with a theoretical yield of only 18.90 t/hm2 and 63.75 t/hm2, resulting in a significant decrease in cane yield.(3) Sugarcane varieties ROC22 and GL05136 had advantages over GT42 in stalk length, single stalk weight, and cane yield, but GT42 had advantage in stalk thickness, meaning ROC22 and GL05136 having stronger drought resistance. Therefore, under the conditions of high temperature and drought in summer and autumn, suitable drought resistant sugarcane varieties should be selected, and sugarcane should be planted as early as possible to accelerate the early growth and development progress of sugarcane. Before the onset of summer and autumn drought, robust plants should be obtained to improve their drought resistance, in order to minimize the impact of meteorological disasters, and achieve high and stable yields.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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