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Based on the fact that ethephon (an ethylene releaser) stimulation can significantly increase latex yield per tapping, it is traditionally believed that rubber biosynthesis is positively regulated by ethylene. Based on the critical role of jasmonic acid signaling in promoting the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants, jasmonic acid signaling is also thought to play a role in the positive feedback regulation of natural rubber biosynthesis. Recent studies suggest that tapping-enhanced rubber biosynthesis is closely related to the activation of jasmonate signaling in laticifer cells of rubber tree. However, it remains unclear whether there is a crosstalk between the jasmonic acid signaling pathway and the ethylene signaling pathway in the regulation of rubber biosynthesis. For this purpose, in the present study, in vitro rubber biosynthesis efficiency of whole latex and small rubber particles (SRPs) from short rested trees treated by either methy jasmonates or ethylene were detected by using substrate 13C-MVA. qPCR was used to analyze the expression of four jasmonic acid signaling genes, HbCOI1, HbJAZ1, HbMYC1, HbMYC2, four ethylene-responsive element binding factors (ERFs) genes HbERFⅢa, HbERFⅦa, HbERFⅨc, HbERFⅩa, four rubber biosynthesis genes, HbHMGR1,HbSRPP1, HbREF1, HbHRT2 in laticifer cells after epicormic shoots were treated with either methy jasmonates or ethylene. The results showed that exogenous methyl jasmonate treatment significantly up-regulated the expression levels of jasmonic acid signaling genes HbCOI1, HbJAZ1, HbMYC1, HbMYC2, and rubber biosynthetic protein genes HbHMGR1,HbSRPP1, HbREF1, HbHRT2 in laticifer cells of rubber tree, and promoted rubber biosynthesis, but had little effect on the expression of ethylene-responsive element binding factor genes HbERFⅢa, HbERFⅦa, HbERFⅨc, HbERFⅩa, or even inhibited the expression. On the contrary, exogenous ethylene treatment significantly up-regulated the expression levels of ethylene-responsive element binding factor genes HbERFⅢa, HbERFⅦa, HbERFⅨc, HbERFⅩa in laticifer cells of rubber tree, but had little effect on the expression of jasmonic acid signaling genes HbCOI1, HbJAZ1, HbMYC1,HbMYC2 and rubber biosynthetic protein genes HbHMGR1, HbSRPP1, HbREF1, HbHRT2 or even inhibited the expression and rubber biosynthesis. The results suggest that there exists an antagonistic effects of jasmonic acid and ethylene on rubber biosynthesis in H. brasiliensis, which would provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the crosstalk of jasmonic acid signaling and ethylene signaling on regulation of natural rubber production.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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