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In this study, the microbial community was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology in the soil of rubber plantation with different yield levels (high yield, middle yield, low yield and none yield), and relationship between microbial community and soil physical and chemical properties was also studied. A total of 2116 bacteria OTUs were obtained from all examined samples, which belonged to 17 phyla, 53 classes, 99 orders, 164 families, 305 genera and 385 species. The dominant phyla of bacterial community were Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. A total of 1622 fungal OTUs were obtained from all soil samples, which belonged to 17 phyla, 49 classes, 113 orders, 242 families, 424 genera and 644 species. The dominant phyla of fungal community were Basidiomycota, Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota. The abundance of soil bacteria community showed a downward trend was observed with the decreasing of the yield level of rubber trees, while the difference of bacterial diversity index was not significant. Ace index and Chao1 index of soil fungi showed an upward trend, and Shannon index significantly increased, while the Simpson index decreased significantly, indicating that the richness and diversity of fungal community increased with the decreasing of the yield level. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that the community structure of soil bacteria or fungi was significantly different under the treatments. In addition, the relative abundance of dominant bacterial phyla also varied to different degrees. The characteristics of soil microbial community were closely related to soil pH and C/N. According to redundancy analysis (RDA) results, soil pH, available potassium and total nitrogen were the main soil physical and chemical factors affecting the dominant bacterial phyla, while the dominant fungal phyla were mainly affected by soil pH, available potassium and C/N.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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