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In view of the deficiency of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and boron (B) in the production of macadamia in Yunnan province, the accumulation characteristics of Ca, Mg, Zn and B in litter, pruned branch and nuts harvest were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the optimal management of Ca, Mg, Zn and B nutrients and help the quality and efficiency production of macadamia. In 2021 and 2022, high-yielding trees of macadamia nut variety A16 were used as the test materials to study the quality of dry matter, the content of Ca, Mg, Zn and B nutrients and their cumulative distribution during litter, pruned branch and nuts harvest. The average dry matter weight of litter, pruned branch and nuts harvest of macadamia t was 35.77 kg/plant, among which litter, pruned branch and nuts harvest accounted for 19%, 32% and 49% of the total dry matter weight, respectively. There were significant differences in the content of Ca, Mg, Zn and B nutrients in different tissues, and the overall performance was Ca>Mg>B>Zn. The average cumulative amounts of Ca, Mg, Zn and B in 2 years was 126.13, 23.39, 0.25 g/plant and 0.89 g/plant, respectively. The cumulative distribution of Ca and Mg in litter, pruned branch and nuts harvest was 45%, 48% and 7%, and 26%, 33% and 41%, respectively. The cumulative distribution of Zn was 25%, 28% and 47%, and the cumulative distribution of B was 44%, 36% and 20%, respectively. Among them, leaves (senescent leaves and pruning leaves) were the main accumulation and distribution parts of Ca and B, while pruning leaves and nuts were the main accumulation and distribution parts of Mg and Zn. The estimated apparent nutrient balance indicated that the total nutrient taken by Ca, Mg, Zn and B was 45.41, 8.42, 0.09 kg/hm2 and 0.32 kg/hm2. After removing some nutrients returned by litter, in the absence of exogenous Ca and Mg input and the input of Zn and B 0.08 kg/hm2, Ca, Mg and B nutrients were deficient in macadamia. The results would provide the basis for nutrient optimization management of macadamia.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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