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The soil ecological restoration and land recycling of the closed tailings reservoir not only avoid the risk of random discharge, but also increase the land use area. Mulberry has strong root system, strong stress resistance, large biomass and wide application. It has great potential in the remediation and reuse of heavy metals in mines. In this study, the growth of one-year-old seedlings of three mulberry varieties (Y120, G12 and G62) after 60 days of planting in arsenic and nickel combined pollution soil in the mining area and the enrichment of arsenic and nickel in different parts were compared by the original soil pot method. At the same time, the difference of rhizosphere soil microorganisms was analyzed by metagenomics to preliminarily elucidate the adaptability of different mulberry varieties to arsenic and nickel combined pollution mine soil and its relationship with rhizosphere soil microbial diversity. The results showed that after 60 days of planting, the pollution index of nickel in the rhizosphere soil of the three varieties decreased from moderate to mild before planting, and the pollution index of arsenic in the rhizosphere soil of G62 decreased from severe pollution to moderate pollution. The shoot and root growth of the three mulberry varieties were inhibited, but the growth of G62 was better than that of Y120 and G12, and the growth of G12 was worse. The transport coefficient and enrichment coefficient of arsenic in the three mulberry varieties were less than that of nickel. The enrichment ability of arsenic was root>leaf>stem. The accumulation of arsenic in roots accounted for 47.33%-50.52% of the total plant, and the difference between varieties was not significant. However, the enrichment ability of nickel was different among different varieties. The accumulation of nickel in roots accounted for 25.67% (G12), 38.46% (G62) and 47.14% (Y120) of the total plant, and the difference between varieties was significant. The richness of Nocardioides, Thiomonas and Rhizobium in the rhizosphere soil of G62 with better growth was significantly higher than that of G12 and Y120, and the richness of Thiomonas sp. in G62 was the highest. Combined with the fact that the arsenic pollution index of G62 rhizosphere soil decreased more, these genera and species may be more involved in the barrier absorption or detoxification of arsenic in mulberry rhizosphere. The richness of Sphingopyxis sp. was the highest in G12, and the variety had the lowest arsenic and nickel transferred and enriched in the body, which may be related to its more participation in the detoxification of arsenic and nickel combined pollution in mulberry. The results of this study will lay a foundation for the screening of mulberry varieties resistant to compound heavy metals that are suitable for the growth of mining areas and the screening and utilization of strains that can promote the growth of mulberry in the soil of arsenic and nickel combined pollution mines.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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