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Salt stress is the most prevalent abiotic stress globally, severely affecting crop growth. Rice is an important food crop, it is important to improve the salt tolerance of rice through chemical control technology. To further provide the theoretical basis for the application of hemin to rice cultivation under salt stress, it is important to study the adverse effects of NaCl on rice seedling growth and to understand how hemin regulating the physiological process to alleviate stress. A pot experiment was carried out with the rice varieties Huanghuazhan and Xiangliangyou 900 as the materials. During the three leaves and one heart period, after 48 hours of 5 μmol/L hemin treatment, 50 mmol/L NaCl was applied to the corresponding cultivated soil. Each variety had three treatments, (1) control group: distilled water, (2) S group: 50 mmol/L NaCl solution; and (3) SH group: 50 mmol/L NaCl +5 μmol/L hemin solution. Measurements of seedlings growth characteristics, gas exchange parameters, and physiological indicators were taken after the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12nd days after NaCl treatment, respectively. NaCl stress inhibited the seedling growth of the two rice varieties, reduced the photosynthetic rate, and increased reactive oxygen species. Compared with CK, the antioxidant enzymes activities of S group increased significantly in the early stage, but decreased significantly as the extension of stress time. Among them, the inhibitory effect of NaCl stress on Huanghuazhan was stronger than that of Xiangliangyou 900. Compared with NaCl treatment, exogenous hemin increased plant height, stem base width, biomass, total root length, root surface area, root volume, and root tip number of the two rice varieties. Hemin inhibited reactive oxygen species (O2·- and H2O2) accumulation, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and electrolyte leakage (EL). The photosynthetic capacity and SPAD were enhanced. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were increased. Meanwhile, the ascorbic acid (AsA) and soluble protein levels were up-regulated in leaves. The results of this experiment indicate that NaCl stress inhibit rice seedlings, and the application of hemin can mitigate the damage caused by NaCl stress on rice seedlings by enhancing the net photosynthetic rate, increasing antioxidant activity or content, and reducing membrane lipid peroxidation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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