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Pinhole cameras based on the principle of pinhole imaging are widely used in high-energy-density physics experiments to monitor laser-target interaction regions. However, traditional pinhole cameras often suffer from signal acquisition failures due to the lack of online aiming capability, especially for small targets such as wire targets in facilities like the Xingguang-Ⅲ laser system.
This study aims to develop an X-ray online-aiming pinhole camera for the Xingguang-Ⅲ laser facility to address the challenge of precise target alignment under vacuum conditions and enhance the reliability of signal acquisition.
An integrated design combining a visible-light CCD and an X-ray CCD was implemented. A revolver-type pinhole adjustment device was developed to switch between aiming apertures and imaging pinholes with a concentricity error below 3.5 µm. High-precision two-dimensional pointing adjustments (pitch and tilt) were achieved using a motorized stage, with a targeting accuracy of 15 µm. The visible-light CCD enabled real-time target imaging, while different aperture sizes on a precision adjustment disk facilitated coarse-to-fine aiming.
The camera was tested on the Xingguang-Ⅲ laser facility using a Cu planar target irradiated by a picosecond laser. Clear X-ray spot images were obtained, with a peak intensity of 52 040 and a background noise of approximately 2 500. The full width at half maximum of the spot was 43 µm horizontally and 38 µm vertically, confirming successful online aiming and imaging performance.
The developed X-ray online-aiming pinhole camera fulfills the operational requirements of the Xingguang-Ⅲ laser facility. It enables real-time, high-precision target alignment under vacuum, significantly improving the success rate of signal acquisition in high-energy-density physics experiments.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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