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To address the problem of high communication overhead and low security of key distribution in the near-field communication of VANETs，an efficient quantum group key distribution scheme based on quantum random numbers is proposed in this paper. In this scheme，Firstly，the anonymous credentials of the vehicle are jointly generated by quantum random numbers at the vehicle side and the cloud side，and zero-knowledge proof is used to achieve mutual identity recognition between the vehicle and the road side，which protects the privacy of the vehicle. Then，a two-stage group key achieves the update of the group key，i.e. two key parameters at the roadside and the cloud side. The group key reduces the signaling overhead by half and greatly shortens the group key issuance time while ensuring forward and backward security. Finally，the security of the scheme is demonstrated by security analysis and performance analysis.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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