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The damper is a core component of the suspension system, exerting significant influence on both vehicle handling and ride comfort. Traditional damper exhibits unstable response and distorted characteristics under hightemperature and highspeed conditions. Moreover, the development process heavily relies on extensive experimentation, leading to prolonged design cycles and increased cost. For this, firstly, the scheme of the continuous damping control (CDC) damper with builtin combination valve is proposedd, and the response characteristics of the valve system are quantified based on finite element method. Secondly, the nonlinear features of the damper external characteristics are analyzed, with which the hybrid model that combines piecewise models and compensation models is established to effectively capture the nonlinear gas hysteresis characteristics. Finally, all damper model parameters are identified based on measured data under different currentfrequency coupling excitation effect. Subsequently, the parameters frequencyvarying characteristics and the model accuracy are verified. The results indicate that the accuracy of the proposed hybrid model is improved by 55.91% on average compared with the piecewise model, with the error less than 10% compared with the measured data. The proposed innovative damper structure along with its characteristic modeling method can significantly enhance damper performance while simultaneously reduce development cost.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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