The Chinese automobile market is undergoing a transition from being driven by quantity to pursuing high-quality development. With intense domestic market competition, Chinese automotive brands must actively explore international markets to achieve a transformation from big to strong. However, tapping into overseas markets entails facing multiple challenges such as geopolitical risks, trade barriers, and sociocultural differences. In response to the complexity and diversity of overseas automobile markets, based on China’s automobile export data, this study analyzes the characteristics of China’s automobile exports and the opportunities and challenges faced by China’s automobile exports through literature research, quantitative analysis, qualitative evaluation, expert surveys, and other methods. The research reveals that China’s automobile exports exhibit characteristics such as new energy vehicles gradually becoming the core driving force, diversification of export regions, and premiumization of export prices. Although there are opportunities for China’s automobile exports, a lot of challenges such as rising trade protectionism, intensifying overseas competition, and lagging electric vehicle infrastructure still exist. Addressing the challenges faced by automobiles going overseas, this study proposes localization strategies for overseas expansion, including localized research and development functions, localized manufacturing, localized marketing, and localized after-sales services.