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The strategic objectives of "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality" have brought significant challenges for reducing carbon emissions from passenger cars. Therefore, formulating a technical route for carbon reduction in passenger vehicles is a crucial task for the future sustainable development of the automotive industry. Firstly, it involves analyzing data on new passenger car production, stock and scrap rate up to 2060, as well as carbon intensity data of electricity industry. Subsequently, the carbon emission data from various power sources for passenger cars is compiled. An analysis model is then established, along with evaluation dimensions and indicators, to assess passenger cars with different power sources. Finally, the analysis focuses on the sensitivity of individual power technologies in reducing carbon emissions. The findings indicate that pure electric vehicles (EVs), plug-in hybrids (PHEVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) play a pivotal role in rapidly reducing carbon emissions to achieve "carbon peaking". Additionally, carbon-neutral fuel power and fuel cell vehicle technologies demonstrate advantages in achieving "carbon neutrality". In conclusion, achieving "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality" in powertrains requires a combination of multi-source technology pathways within specific timeframes for implementation. Furthermore, transitioning policies and regulations from "double credit" to"carbon credit" based on technology neutrality is essential to realize the dual-carbon technical route for passenger cars.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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