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Outline
To address the problem of synergistic optimization of injection parameters in the double diesel injection strategy for a methanol-diesel dual-direct injection engine, a hybrid multi-objective optimization approach coupling Response Surface Methodology, Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution with Entropy Weighted (RSM-NSGA-Ⅱ-EWTOPSIS) was employed to optimize the timing of the first diesel injection (θD1), the first injection energy ratio (RD1), and the interval time between injections (ID) in this study. Under medium load conditions at 2 000 r/min, the optimal injection parameter combination was obtained as θD1 = -38.9 °CA ATDC, RD1 = 43.8%, and ID = 16.8 °CA. Compared to the initial strategy (θD1 = -29 °CA ATDC, RD1 = 43.1%, ID = 12 °CA), peak cylinder pressure increased by 7.72% after optimization, combustion phase advanced, and the heat release process became more concentrated. Concurrently, the indicated thermal efficiency improved by 1.06%, while the emissions of NOx and CO decreased by 9.55% and 10.4%, respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed optimized injection strategy achieves synergistic improvements in thermal efficiency and pollutant reduction.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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