Full
Outline
To address the problems of increased driving resistance and degraded battery capability under low-temperature conditions, an energy management strategy based on adaptive power regulation at low temperatures is proposed. The variation patterns of vehicle driving resistance and battery energy under low-temperature conditions are analyzed. Based on the recent temperature variations during vehicle operation, the SOC (state of charge) balance points for different operating conditions at low temperatures are optimized, and the engine is controlled to start in advance to supply energy for the vehicle. The driving resistance model under low-temperature conditions is reconstructed. Taking the SOC change rate per unit mileage determined by real-time driving conditions as the input, a dynamic regulation model for the power generation of the range extender based on a power penalty coefficient is constructed, and the output speed and torque of the range extender are controlled in real time in a closed loop. Vehicle tests are conducted on public roads under low-temperature conditions. The test results show that the engine can be started in time to supply energy for the vehicle when the SOC is above 25%; compared with the strategy at normal temperature, the proposed strategy starts the engine earlier and slows the battery discharge rate, ensuring a longer driving range under low-temperature conditions. In low-temperature driving scenarios (-20 ℃ to -35 ℃) at vehicle speeds of 80, 100, 120 and 140 km/h, the battery SOC is maintained with slight recharging and without depletion; during the process, the range extender operates normally, no engine runaway or rotational speed overshoot is observed, and the battery is free from overcharging or over-discharging, providing a sound foundation for the driving and heating requirements of users under low-temperature conditions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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