Full
Outline
To address the lack of in-depth analysis in existing research on the dynamic amplitude-frequency characteristics of bushings and their influence mechanisms under time-varying preload effects during braking, a systematic research methodology is proposed. This methodology integrates multi-body dynamics load calculation, bench testing, and full-vehicle validation. On this basis, a design optimization strategy for the bushing's limiting direction is developed based on its dynamic loading response under braking conditions. Dynamic simulation is used to calculate the loads on the rear bushing under different braking intensities. A rubber bushing testing machine is employed to measure the dynamic stiffness and loss angle under preload. Combined with finite element simulation and full-vehicle road tests, the influence mechanism of the Y-direction dynamic characteristics of the rear bushing on brake judder is systematically revealed. The results show that when the braking intensity increases from 0 g to 0.25 g, at a frequency of 15 Hz, the Y-direction dynamic stiffness of the rear bushing increases from 729 N/mm to 1 970 N/mm, and the loss angle decreases from 6.8° to 5.8°. The longitudinal rigid-body modal frequency of the front suspension increases from 11.5 Hz to 14.5 Hz. When this modal frequency exceeds the upper limit of the excitation frequency of braking torque fluctuations (17.4 Hz), brake judder disappears. This indicates that brake judder mainly occurs under low-to-medium braking intensity conditions. By reducing the compression-side clearance of the bushing during braking and optimizing the rubber compound formulation, the dynamic stiffness and loss angle at critical frequencies are significantly improved. The vibration response of the steering wheel is effectively suppressed.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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