Full
Outline
In order to improve the performance, life and reduce the cost of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), the key materials and technological progress of Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) are reviewed. Results show that the catalyst layer reaction efficiency and mass transfer capacity can be improved effectively by using mesoporous carbon support, high activity low platinum catalyst, high oxygen permeability ionomer and optimized three-phase interface structure; the development of thin and high temperature Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) can reduce ohmic loss and broaden the operating temperature window; the thin and integrated Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) is designed to enhance the reaction gas transport and water management. While these material technologies show promise in advancing fuel cells toward low-platinum, high-performance, and long-life, they still face problems such as low durability, high cost, and lack of large-scale production. Future research should focus on material innovation, structural optimization, and process breakthroughs to accelerate the commercialization of fuel cells.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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