PDF
Full
Outline
Rack force is a critical parameter in road feel design and steering follow-up control for steer-by-wire systems. Since it is difficult to measure rack force directly in mass-produced vehicles, its estimation becomes a key aspect in steer-by-wire. This article adopts two methods to estimate the rack force. The first method is based on vehicle dynamics, using Luenberger observer to obtain lateral velocity and the tire brush model is applied to analyze steering resistance torque. The second method is based on steering dynamics, involving a dynamic model for the steering actuator and the direct estimation of rack force using a Kalman filter. The results of the two methods are compared through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing, and then a rule-based fusion strategy using multiple variables is proposed to combine the strengths of the two methods. Finally, bench test results show that the proposed fusion strategy effectively improves the accuracy and real-time performance of rack force estimation under different working conditions.
PDF
271
75
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
关闭全屏
No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn
Copyright © 2025 China Association for Science and Technology. All rights reserved. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.
Sponsored by the Office of the Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of CAST, and supported by Science and Technology Review Publishing House
