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2024 Volume 7 Issue 2  Published: 2024-05-20
    Papers
  • Hexuan Li , Nadine Bamminger , Li Wan , Arno Eichberger
    doi: 10.1007/s42154-023-00275-8

    Nowadays, with increased sensor perception performance for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), scenariobased simulation is becoming more frequent to manage the complexity of reality in terms of cost and time. The perception system provides the basis for the vehicle guidance algorithms calculation, but the simulation of ADAS sensors is a challenging task in virtual testing. Literature reports the magnitude of relevant modelling approaches and datadriven models becoming increasingly important. A basic method is to fit the sensor output in the virtual environment with highfidelity measurements of realworld scenarios, thus a direct relation can be established between real and synthetic sensor data. To prove the suitability of a method, it is necessary to quantify the gap between simulation and reality to determine the performance of different models. In this work, authors address this problem and visualize the gap by introducing a multilevel evaluation approach that combines Model Generalization Ability Evaluation and Case Implicit Performance Evaluation. The former directly evaluates the model's overall performance, while the latter is used for specific cases in simulation. The study shows that this combined evaluation approach provides an indepth framework for evaluating sensor models to make the differences apparent.