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Mineral processing wastewater poses severe environmental risks due to its complex composition (high suspended solids, residual reagents, heavy metals), making its treatment critical for sustainable mining. This review systematically summarizes mineral processing wastewater treatment technologies, including conventional methods and emerging approaches. Conventional physical-chemical methods are widely used but suffer from sludge production and limited resource recovery. Advanced oxidation processes (e.g., plasma oxidation, photo-Fenton) efficiently degrade refractory organics and novel adsorbents (MOFs, selective resins) enable targeted heavy metal recovery and deep purification. Artificial intelligence and digital twin further promote intelligent process control. Future directions focus on integrating multi-technologies into "classification treatment-quality-based reuse" systems to achieve comprehensive recovery of water, salts, and valuable metals, advancing mining towards a circular economy and near-zero discharge.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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