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Investigating the hot deformation behavior of Ti6Al4V alloys produced by powder metallurgy and forging
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Yu Pana, *, Xinjing Wanga, Guanghao Shib, Jianbo Tongc, Jinshan Zhanga, Xin Lua, **
Progress in Natural Science: Materials International | 2026, 36(1) : 131 - 142
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Progress in Natural Science: Materials International | 2026, 36(1): 131-142
• Research Article •
Investigating the hot deformation behavior of Ti6Al4V alloys produced by powder metallurgy and forging
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Yu Pana, *, Xinjing Wanga, Guanghao Shib, Jianbo Tongc, Jinshan Zhanga, Xin Lua, **
Affiliations
  • aInstitute of Engineering Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
  • bChina Aerospace Science and Technology Hunan Power Machinery Research Institute, Zhuzhou, 412002, China
  • cKey Laboratory of Advanced Titanium Alloys, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, 100095, China
Published: 2026-02-22 doi: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.006
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Powder metallurgy (PM), as an advanced manufacturing method, offers different microstructures and mechanical properties for titanium (Ti) alloys compared to forging metallurgy (FM). Therefore, investigating the hot deformation behaviour of PM and FM Ti alloys is of great significance. Herein, we systematically study the hot workability and hot deformed microstructure of PM and FM Ti6Al4V alloys deformed at 1000 ℃-1200 ℃ and 0.01 s-1~10 s-1 strain rates, so as to compare the different hot working properties. The true stress-strain curves were drawn through the isothermal compression tests, and the constitutive equations as well as hot processing maps of PM and FM alloys were further constructed. Results show that the PM alloy displays smaller hot deformation resistance, larger hot working safe zone and smaller instable zone when compared with FM alloy. PM alloy has higher dynamic recrystallization (DRX) degree. In DRX process, the PM alloy was dominated by discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX), while the FM alloy was dominated by continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX). This work reveals the difference between PM and FM Ti6Al4V alloys in hot deformation behavior and hot working properties, and further explains the underlying deformation mechanism.

Powder metallurgy  /  Forged metallurgy  /  DRX  /  Hot workability  /  Microstructural evolution
Yu Pan, Xinjing Wang, Guanghao Shi, Jianbo Tong, Jinshan Zhang, Xin Lu. Investigating the hot deformation behavior of Ti6Al4V alloys produced by powder metallurgy and forging[J]. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, 2026 , 36 (1) : 131 -142 . DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.006
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  • Science and Technology Plan Projects in Xizang Autonomous Region(XZ202401ZY0077)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(52571030; 52304379; 52274359)
  • Stable support project(KZ0C231524)
  • Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(KJZD20231023100003006)
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Year 2026 volume 36 Issue 1
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Article Info
doi: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.006
  • Receive Date：2025-09-02
  • Online Date：2026-06-03
  • Published：2026-02-22
Article Data
Affiliations
History
  • Received：2025-09-02
  • Revised：2025-12-11
  • Accepted：2025-12-14
Funding
Science and Technology Plan Projects in Xizang Autonomous Region(XZ202401ZY0077)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52571030; 52304379; 52274359)
Stable support project(KZ0C231524)
Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(KJZD20231023100003006)
Affiliations
    aInstitute of Engineering Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
    bChina Aerospace Science and Technology Hunan Power Machinery Research Institute, Zhuzhou, 412002, China
    cKey Laboratory of Advanced Titanium Alloys, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, 100095, China

Corresponding:

* E-mail addresses: (Y. Pan)
** E-mail addresses: (X. Lu).
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/pnsmi/EN/10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.006
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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