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Developing sustainable dielectric ceramics with high energy storage performance under a moderate electric field is still a great challenge for the next generation pulse power capacitors. Herein, recycled photovoltaic waste glass (PVWG) was added into Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT)-based lead-free ceramics via a conventional solid-state route and sintered at 1120 ℃ for 2 h. The PVWG additive facilitated liquid-phase sintering, reduced porosity, promoted grain-boundary homogeneity and improved the dielectric breakdown strength. Therefore, the optimized BNT-08 ceramic exhibits a high relative density of 97.04 ± 0.15 %, a reduced remanent polarization (Pr) of 9.4 ± 0.3 μC cm−2, an increased breakdown strength (Eb ~220 ± 5 kV cm−1) and a significantly slimmer P-E hysteresis loop. Hence, a recoverable energy density (Wrec) of 1.76 ± 0.07 J cm−3 and an energy storage efficiency of 78 ± 2 % were obtained under a moderate electric field at 220 kV cm−1. The enhanced energy storage performance was ascribed to the synergistic effects of structural stabilization, defect-regulated charge transport, and PVWG-induced microstructural refinement. This simple, low cost and environmentally friendly method demonstrates PVWG as a promising multifunctional additive for electroceramic applications in line with the circular strategy.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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