Full
Outline
Intercropping of grains and oils, along with plastic film coverage, serves as an effective agricultural practice adapted to specific natural conditions. This practice holds significant importance in dryland agricultural production in the northern regions. The application of these measures is bound to influence the changes in the carbon cycling processes of farmland soil. However, the variations in productivity and carbon footprint under intercropping and plastic film coverage, along with the associated ecological effects, remain unclear. Totally five treatments, including maize mulching (FMM), maize without mulching (NMM), soybean monoculture (SS), maize-soybean intercropping + maize mulching (FMS), maize-soybean intercropping + maize without mulching (NMS) were set up. Based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) method, the characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions, content of soil organic carbon, corn yield, and other factors from farmland soil under maize-soybean intercropping and plastic film coverage were evaluated. It also comprehensively assessed the impact of these practices on farmland productivity and carbon footprint through indicators, such as land productivity and carbon sustainability index. The results indicated that the relative yield of FMS treatment was increased by 57% to 60% compared with that of monoculture treatment, with a land equivalent ratio of 1.08 over the past two years, effectively enhancing farmland productivity. Simultaneously, the soil organic carbon loss in the FMS treatment was reduced by 7.8% to 46.57% compared with that of other treatments. It exhibited the lowest carbon footprint per unit area (CFA), carbon footprint per unit maize equivalent yield (CFMEEY), and carbon footprint per unit total income (CFE), effectively preserving soil organic carbon while reducing greenhouse gas emissions, thereby alleviating environmental burdens and carbon emissions. Although FMS treatment reduced some crop yield and economic benefits compared with monoculture systems, it demonstrated relatively lower soil greenhouse gas emissions and organic carbon loss during the production process. It also had a higher carbon sustainability index compared with NMS treatment, achieving effective management of soil carbon emissions. FMS as an environmentally friendly planting model, it can realize low carbon and high yield, thus providing guidance for agricultural producers in selecting suitable planting systems.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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