Full
Outline
Aiming at the saline peanut harvesting process in the traditional shovel pole type excavation and harvesting device exists in the soil crushing effect is poor, the root and pod part of the soil content rate is high, the excavation operation resistance is large and has other problems. Combining saline soil characteristics and peanut planting agronomic requirements, a cutting and squeezing combined excavation device was designed. A mechanical model for the cutting and squeezing forces of the digging device and a mechanical model for the fragmentation and separation of the peanut root-pod-soil aggregates were established. The main factors affecting the operational performance of the digging device were identified as the blade surface inclination angle of the digging shovel, the blade edge angle of the digging shovel, and the radius of the squeezing roller. The value ranges for these parameters were analyzed and determined. Simulation experiments were conducted by using EDEM software to investigate the dynamic changes in peanut root-pod-soil aggregates during the operation of the digging device. Single-factor experiments were used to determine the influence level of each factor on operational resistance and the soil adhesion rate on the root-pod system. Using operational resistance and soil adhesion rate as evaluation indicators, a quadratic regression orthogonal rotational composite experiment was carried out by employing the central composite design (CCD) method. The optimal operational parameter combination was determined as digging shovel blade surface inclination angle of 22°, digging shovel blade edge angle of 50°, and squeezing roller radius of 110 mm. Under these parameters, the soil adhesion rate on the root-pod system was 48.86%, and the machine operational resistance was 15 696.3 N. Field trial results demonstrated that the cutting-squeezing combined peanut digging device achieved a post-operation soil adhesion rate on the root-pod system of 53.61% and an operational resistance of 15 965.57 N. Compared with the original digging device, this represented a reduction of 21.58 percentage points in the soil adhesion rate on the harvested root-pod system and a reduction of 5.57% in operational resistance, indicating superior performance.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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