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Outline
Injection characteristics of a dual solenoid-driven fuel injector under various injection modes was studied, based on controllable fuel injection rate. An experimental platform combining injector inlet pressure and fuel injection rate measurements was developed using the momentum method. By designing the driving current timing control for two solenoid valves(labeled as NCV-1 and NCV-2), various injection rate profiles were achieved, including single-valve rectangular, dual-valve rectangular, ramp, and boot-shaped modes. The results demonstrate that compared to the dual-valve rectangular mode, the single-valve rectangular mode exhibits a 0.23 ms injection timing delay and a lower injection rate growth rate. The ramp mode coincides with the single-valve rectangular mode before NCV-2 activation, after which the injection rate rises sharply. Furthermore, when the actuation interval between NCV-1 and NCV-2 is 1 ms, the ramp injection mode delivers 22% less fuel quantity compared to the dual-valve rectangular mode, while exhibiting significantly reduced fuel injection rate fluctuations during the steady injection phase. The boot-shaped mode demonstrates nearly identical injection delay characteristics to the dual-valve rectangular mode. At a 1 ms interval between the activation of NCV-1 and the subsequent activation of NCV-2, the injection volume reaches over 82% of that in the dual-valve rectangular mode, while fluctuations in the steady injection phase are markedly reduced.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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