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In order to explore the suitable nitrogen fertilizer management mode for wheat under wheat-rice rotation mode (rice stubble ) and wheat-soybean rotation mode (dry land ) in Chengdu Plain, Shumai 1963 was used as the material. Two nitrogen fertilizer application rates of 150(N1) and 200 kg·hm-2 (N2) were set up in the field, and four nitrogen application ratios were conducted∶seedling fertilizer∶jointing fertilizer=10∶0∶0(R1), 6∶4∶0(R2), 6∶0∶4(R3), 6∶2∶2(R4), with no nitrogen fertilizer as the control (CK). The effects of different nitrogen fertilizer management modes on population quality, dry matter accumulation and translocation, and wheat yield in rice stubble and dryland wheat at the seedling stage were analyzed. The results showed that the waterlogging of wheat after rice was serious 30 days after sowing. Compared with dryland wheat, the plant height, chlorophyll content, and leaf area index of top leaves of rice-stubble wheat at the seedling stage and jointing stage were significantly reduced, the number of effective panicles was significantly reduced by 11.6%-37.2%, and the yield was significantly reduced by 14.4%-45.5%. Compared with N1, N2 increased the chlorophyll content and leaf area index of top leaves, dry matter accumulation, and yield at the seedling stage and jointing stage of wheat under two rotation modes, and the increase of wheat after rice was greater than that of wheat in dry land. Under N2, the yield of rice-stubble wheat was significantly increased by 7.8%, and the yield of wheat in dry land was increased by 2.5%. Topdressing at the seedling stage (R2) and split topdressing at the seedling + jointing stage (R4) significantly increased the yield of wheat after rice compared with R3 and R1. Topdressing at the jointing stage (R3) and split topdressing at seedling + jointing stage significantly increased the yield of dryland wheat compared with R2 and R1. Under the same nitrogen application rate, topdressing at the seedling stage (R2) and topdressing at the seedling + jointing stage (R4) significantly reduced the yield of rice-stubble wheat and dryland wheat at jointing stage. Under the conditions of rice stubble, topdressing at the seedling stage (R2) significantly increased the dry matter translocation amount, translocation rate, and contribution rate to grain before anthesis. Under dryland conditions, topdressing at the jointing stage (R3) and the seedling + jointing stage (R4) significantly increased dry matter accumulation after anthesis. On the whole, the nitrogen application modes of base fertilizer∶seedling fertilizer=6∶4 and base fertilizer∶seedling stage∶jointing stage=6∶2∶2 are suitable for rice-stubble wheat in Chengdu Plain under 200 kg·hm-2 nitrogen application rate, while the nitrogen application mode of base fertilizer∶jointing fertilizer=6∶4 and base fertilizer: seedling stage∶jointing stage=6∶2∶2 are more suitable for dryland wheat under 150 kg·hm-2 nitrogen application rate.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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