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The cultivation of wheat materials with high nitrogen use efficiency is an effective way to improve nitrogen use efficiency and reduce production cost. SPX gene family plays a key regulatory role in plant response to nitrogen and stress. In this experiment, 20 different varieties of wheat were used as test materials, and hydroponics experiments were carried out at seedling stage under three nitrogen concentration treatments: low nitrogen (0.05 mmol·L-1), normal nitrogen (5 mmol·L-1) and high nitrogen (25 mmol·L-1). The morphological and physiological indices of wheat at seedling stage were determined under different nitrogen concentration treatments. Wheat varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency and low nitrogen use efficiency were selected by comprehensive evaluation, and the relative expression of TaSPX1 gene in wheat with different nitrogen use efficiency was analyzed. The results showed that, compared with normal nitrogen treatment, the maximum root length, root dry weight and root shoot ratio of different wheat varieties largely increased under low nitrogen treatment. Six indices, including plant height, above ground dry weight, and chlorophyll content, all decreased, among which chlorophyll content, plant height and above ground dry weight decreased significantly. The variation coefficients of each index ranged from 3.16% to 38.71%. Under high nitrogen treatment, the maximum root length, plant height, and root dry weight of different wheat varieties decreased, and the chlorophyll content, maximum root length, and root dry weight decreased significantly. Root surface area, root volume, and soluble sugar all increased, among which root volume increased the most. Coefficients of variation of all indices ranged from 2.51% to 36.53%. The principal component analysis of 13 indicators showed that the contribution rates of the three principal components extracted under low nitrogen treatment were 54%, 26%, and 12%, respectively, and the cumulative contribution rate was 91%. The contribution rates of the three principal components extracted under high nitrogen treatment were 64%, 16%, and 9%, respectively, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 88%. Using the membership function value to make comprehensive evaluation and cluster analysis, the tested materials were divided into four categories: double efficient type, low nitrogen efficient type, high nitrogen efficient type, and double inefficient type. qRT-PCR analysis showed that under low nitrogen stress, the relative expression of TaSPX1 increased in double efficient and low efficient materials, while the relative expression of TaSPX1 in high efficient and double inefficient materials increased first and then decreased. Under high nitrogen stress, the relative expression of TaSPX1 gene decreased in the double and high nitrogen efficient materials, while the relative expression of TaSPX1 gene in the low nitrogen efficient materials and double low efficiency materials increased with the increase of treatment time.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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