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Outline
In this study, 240 barley varieties (lines) were genotyped using barley 40K SNP microarrays, and eight agronomic traits were characterized at two locations in 2022. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed based on mixed linear model. The results showed that the eight main agronomic traits were normally distributed. The genotypes of 240 barley varieties after quality control were analyzed for population structure using Admixture software, and the 240 materials were roughly divided into 10 subgroups. A total of 118 SNP loci were detected by GWAS, which were significantly correlated with plant height, spike length, awn length, productive tiller number, total tiller number, kernel number, spike grain weight and thousand kernel weight. They are distributed on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, and 7H, of which six SNP loci simultaneously control two agronomic traits and two SNP loci simultaneously control three agronomic traits. One hundred and eighteen SNP loci were identified corresponding to 24 QTLs, including two QTLs controlling plant height, one spike length QTL, two awn length QTLs, two productive tiller number QTLs, one total tiller number QTL, four kernel number QTLs, ten spike grain weight QTLs, and eight thousand-kernel weight QTLs. There was one stable QTL detected in both Huangyang and Yongchang environmental sites. QTLs for plant height, spike length, productive tiller number and total tiller number existed only in one environmental site, while the remaining four agronomic traits existed in different QTLs in two environmental sites. Based on the results of association analysis, a total of 32 genes were identified on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, and 6H using the range of 150 kb upstream and downstream of the significant loci as the confidence interval, and a total of two candidate genes were screened based on the previous studies and Blast gene annotation, which were the most likely to be related to the growth and development of barley.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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