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Outline
To understand the effect of high-throughput non-destructive monitoring of wheat grain filling rate (GFR) based on UAV multi-spectral, 565 wheat germplasm accessions were used as experimental materials over two growing seasons (2022 and 2023). UAVs were used to collect temporal spectral vegetation indices (SVIs) during the grain filling period, along with synchronized measurements of grain weight. The logistic function was applied to fit the dynamic changes between SVIs and grain weight, and the red-edge chlorophyll index (CIRE) was identified as the SVI most closely related to GFR. Machine learning models, including Random Forest Regressor (RFR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Linear Regression (LR), were constructed to predict GFR, and their performance was evaluated using r2 and RMSE. The results showed that the r2 values of the logistic fitting dynamic curves between SVIs and measured grain weight reached 0.87 and 0.92, respectively. The dynamic change rate of CIRE exhibited a significantly positive correlation with GFR (r=0.4-0.43, P<0.05). Among the models, RFR demonstrated the best predictive performance, with r2 values of 0.88 and 0.89 and RMSE values of 0.27 and 0.32 for the full datasets in 2022 and 2023, respectively, significantly outperforming SVR and LR. Similarly, RFR achieved higher prediction accuracy and generalization capability in specific genotype datasets. Therefore, based on UAV multi-spectral data, the wheat grain filling rate was monitored by combining CIRE and RFR with high-precision and high-throughout. This method provides essential technical support for the evaluation of wheat germplasm resources and breeding for stress resistance.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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