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To clarify the relationship between root morphology at seedling stage and drought resistance characteristics of different wheat varieties (lines), this study simulated drought conditions using 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) to assess the drought resistance of 300 domestic and foreign winter wheat samples at the seedling stage. Eight root morphological indicators were determined: root tip number, root volume, root surface area, total root length, root average diameter, longest root length, root dry weight and root fresh weight, and a comprehensive evaluation of root traits was conducted using various statistical methods (correlation analysis, membership function method, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis). The results showed compared with the normal treatment, the measured indicators of wheat root under drought stress treatment decreased significantly (P<0.01). Indicating that drought stress at the seedling stage significantly inhibited the root growth of wheat. The comprehensive drought resistance evaluation D value for the tested wheat varieties was between 0.09 and 0.86. Cluster analysis categorized the tested materials into five types of drought resistance: Neixiang 5 and Wan 23094 were classified as highly drought-resistant, 21 samples including Yumai 49, Wanmai 38 and C39 were drought resistant type, 70 samples including Jimai 20, Mantol and Yangmai 10 were moderately drought resistant type, and 114 samples including Zhongmai 895, Huaimai 18 and RE714 were drought sensitive type, P3 samples including Fan 6, Ningmai 9 and Aca 801 were classified as highly drought sensitive. Comparing the distribution frequency of different drought resistance types across wheat growing regions revealed that the Huang-Huai winter wheat area is an important region for screening elite drought-resistant germplasm. Principal component analysis indicated that the assessment of seedling stage drought resistance refers to root surface area, root volume, root fresh weight and average root diameter. The results of this study may provide reference for the screening and utilization of drought-resistant germplasm in wheat.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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