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Outline
In order to provide a reference for the genetic improvement of wheat quality, 17 specific molecular markers were used to analyze the main quality-related genes such as HMW-GS, LMW-GS, flour color and 1BL/1RS translocation in the wheat varieties (lines) selected in Henan Province in the past 10 years. The results showed that: (1) A total of 9 allele variants and 19 gene combinations were detected in HMW-GS, among which the majority genes at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 are Ax1 (80.20%), By8 (44.42%) and Dx2+Dy12 (69.54%), respectively. The main combinations were Ax1/Bx7+By9/Dx2+Dy12 (29.44%) and Ax1/Bx7+By8/Dx2+Dy12 (23.60%). (2) A total of 8 allele variants and 12 gene combinations were detected in LMW-GS, and the majority genes at Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 are Glu-A3c (53.30%) and Glu-B3d (23.35%). The main combination is Glu-A3c/Glu-B3d (14.47%). (3) Among the genes related to flour color, Ppo-A1a (63.45%) and Psy-A1a (73.60%) are the main genes with high yellow pigment content. (4) The proportion of 1BL/1RS translocation varieties (lines) is high, and the frequency is 71.07%. In conclusion, the quality-related genes of wheat varieties (lines) in Henan Province have rich diversity, the frequency of different gene combinations is very different. It is suggested that in wheat quality breeding, genes with complementary subunit effects should be selected according to the improvement goal for polymerization, and the selection and application of Ppo-A1b and Psy-A1b should be strengthened.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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