PDF
Full
Outline
To provide a reference for breeding high-yield, high-quality, and green wheat varieties in the Huainan region of Jiangsu, this study conducted a systematic analysis of agronomic traits (growth period, plant height, spike number, grains per spike, thousand-kernel weight, and disease resistance) and quality traits of 116 wheat varieties approved in Jiangsu from 2010 to 2024. The pedigree information of these varieties was traced, and their genetic relationships were studied using phylogenetic and cluster analysis. The results showed that agronomic traits and quality of the approved wheat varieties in the Huainan region from 2010 to 2024 exhibited significant improvement trends. The average growth period of varieties was 207 days, a decrease of 3 to 5 days compared to early-maturity varieties; plant height remained stable at 80-88 cm, averaging 84.51 cm. Among the three yield components, spike number per hm2 increased by 4.31%, thousand-kernel weight improved by 9.64%, and grains per spike remained relatively stable. Quality improvements shifted toward medium to strong gluten, with a notable increase in medium to strong gluten wheat varieties. In terms of disease resistance, varieties maintained moderate resistance to fusarium head blight, but showed enhanced resistance to powdery mildew and yellow mosaic virus disease. However, varieties resistant to sharp eyespot remained relatively scarce. Genetic relationship analysis revealed that the genetic similarity coefficients of parentage (COP) for 6 670 pairs among the 116 varieties ranged from 0 to 0.66, with an average COP of 0.32. Cluster analysis based on phylogenetic relationships divided the tested wheat varieties into four groups, with key parental varieties such as Ningmai 9, Ningmai 13, Yangmai 158, Zhenmai 9, and Zhenmai 168 forming three major core clusters, accounting for 86.21% of the approved varieties. The study indicated that while yield and quality traits of varieties in the Huainan region of Jiangsu have significantly improved, but their genetic foundation remains relatively narrow. The repeated utilization of key parental varieties like Ningmai 9, Yangmai 158, and Zhenmai 9, along with limited incorporation of new external parents, has led to insufficient genetic diversity in the developed varieties of the Huainan region in Jiangsu.
PDF
23
7
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
关闭全屏
No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn
Copyright © 2025 China Association for Science and Technology. All rights reserved. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.
Sponsored by the Office of the Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of CAST, and supported by Science and Technology Review Publishing House
