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In order to explore the effects of late sowing on plant traits, grain yield and quality of strong gluten wheat in eastern Hebei Province, two strong gluten wheat varieties Jinnong 7 and Zhongmai 998 were selected as experimental materials. Five sowing dates suah as normal sowing dat (D1), late sowing 7 d (D2), late sowing 14 d (D3), late sowing 21 d (D4) and late sowing 28 d (D5) were set up. Effects of dry matter accumulation and transport, grain yield and flour processing quality of strong gluten wheat late sowing were analyzed, and the relationship between accumulated temperature before winter and wheat yield and quality traits was analyzed. The results showed that late sowing increased flag leaf area and tiller earing rate, reduced the plant height, dry matter accumulation and transport to grains leading to decreased the spike number per hectare, 1 000-grain weight and yield of strong gluten wheat. Jinnong 7 and Zhongmai 998 showed significantly decreased yield under D2 and D3, respectively. With the delay of sowing date, the grain protein content, wet gluten content, stability time and maximum tensile resistance of flour showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The protein content was the largest at D3 and D4, wet gluten content and gluten index of the two varieties were the largest at D3, the stability time and tensile area were the largest at D4, and the maximum tensile resistance was the largest at D4 and D2, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the accumulated temperature before winter was significantly positively correlated with plant height and spike number of strong gluten wheat at 0.01 level, significantly positively correlated with 1 000-grain weight and yield at 0.05 level, but significantly negatively correlated with flag leaf area, gluten index and stability time at 0.01 or 0.05 levels. Under the conditions of this experiment, the best sowing date for Jinnong 7 to achieve high yield and high quality is normal sowing date, and the best sowing date for Zhongmai 998 is late sowing 7 d. In summary, late sowing is not conducive to high yield of strong gluten wheat, but appropriately delaying sowing date can increase the content of protein and wet gluten in wheat grains, thereby improving nutrition and processing quality.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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