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To clarify the composition of glutenin subunits in wheat varieties developed in the Huang-Huai wheat region and their relationship with quality traits, this study used 92 new wheat varieties (lines) as materials to systematically analyze the distribution and combinations of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS), as well as their relationships with some quality indicators. The results showed that among the 92 varieties (lines), a total of 9 types of HMW-GS subunits and 15 subunit combinations were detected. The combination with the highest occurrence frequency was 1/7+9/2+12, accounting for 19.57%, while the occurrence frequency of the high-quality subunit combination 1/7+8/5+10 was 8.70%. For LMW-GS, 9 types genes of subunits and 40 combination types were identified. Among them, 72 materials belonged to moderately complex combinations consisting of 2 to 4 subunits genes, and the combination A3d+D3-21 had the highest occurrence frequency (16.30%). Correlation analysis indicated that Glu-B3d was significantly positively correlated with protein content, sedimentation value, and wet gluten content. Cluster analysis classified the materials into three groups, and Group Ⅱ exhibited superior overall quality. The occurrence frequencies of multiple high-quality subunits in Group Ⅱ were higher than those in Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅲ, including 14+15 at the Glu-B1 locus and 5+10 at the Glu-D1 locus of HMW-GS, as well as Glu-A3a (8.33%), A3a/c (54.17%), B3d (37.50%), D3-23 (54.17%), and D3-32 (66.67%) of LMW-GS. In addition, 2+10 at the Glu-D1 locus and D3-22, D3-31 at the Glu-D3 locus were only detected in Group Ⅱ. These results had important reference for wheat quality breeding and genetic improvement in the Huang-Huai wheat region.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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