To improve the prediction accuracy of Fusarium head blight (FHB), Fusarium spores were collected and identified in the experimental fields in Yixing, Jurong, Jiangyan, Yandu, Suyu, and Tongshan in Jiangsu Province during the heading and flowering period of wheat. Disease index (DI) was investigated and Fusarium mycotoxins in harvested seeds were tested in various fields. The effect of composition of Fusarium spores on FHB and associated mycotoxins in wheat was assessed. The results showed that among the 650 Fusarium spores collected from the six regions in 2020, the ratio of Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) to all the collected spores was 35.5%. In addition, the ratio of FGSC to all the collected spores in the south of the Huai River was more than 35%, followed by that in the north of Huai River (less than 27%). Moreover, DI and the content of Fusairum mycotoxins in the harvested seeds in the south of Huai River were significantly higher than that in the north of Huai River (P<0.05). Among these fields, DI and the content of Fusarium mycotoxins were significantly positively correlated with the number of FGSC (P<0.01), yet they had no correlation with the number of total spores. The composition of FGSC spores are suggested to be confirmed when the spore dispersal model was used to predict the prevalent of FHB of wheat.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |