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Fusarium crown rot (FCR) seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. Breeding and planting resistant cultivars is an important approach for reducing FCR damage. In order to obtain germplasm resources highly resistant to FCR, in this study, the FCR resistance of 194 wheat cultivars (lines) were evaluated, which widely planted in the whole country and Henan Province of China, using the dominant pathogen Fusarium pseudograminearum isolate WZ-8A in Huang-Huai wheat region at seedling stage in a greenhouse. The wheat cultivars/lines were detected using molecular markers, among which 25 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with FCR resistance and five QTLs associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB). The results showed that among the 194 cultivars (lines), none of these wheat materials was either immune or highly resistant to FCR. Only three cultivars showed moderate resistance to FCR, accounting for 1.6% of the tested materials. While 34(15.5%) and 157(80.9%) were moderately, or highly susceptible to the disease, respectively. Out of the 30 molecular markers, 25 showed polymorphism among different cultivars (lines), and two of which, Xwmc397 and XsdauK86, were possibly associated with FCR resistance. Xwmc397 and XsdauK86 were linked to Qcr-Xwmc397 for FCR resistance and Fhb7 for FHB resistance, respectively. Disease index of wheat cultivars (lines) with Qcr-Xwmc397 was significantly lower than that of the cultivars (lines) without Qcr-Xwmc397 (P<0.05). Three cultivars (lines) with moderate resistance (Cunmai 128, Zhongyu 1123, and YN903-18) can be utilized as resistance germplasm sources for improving wheat FCR resistance. Two molecular markers screened may be used to breed wheat cultivars with FCR resistance.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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