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5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), as a novel plant growth regulator, has been widely applied in alleviating abiotic stress in plants. In this study, a wheat cultivar Yangmai 25 was used as the experimental material to investigate the effects of seed soaking with different concentrations of 5-ALA (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg·L-1) on seed germination, material activation, energy supply, as well as ionic and redox homeostasis under salt stress simulated by 100 mmol·L-1 NaCl solution. The objectives were to identify the optimal concentration of 5-ALA for enhancing salt tolerance in wheat seeds and to elucidate its physiological mechanisms. The results demonstrated that seed soaking with 5-ALA (5-100 mg·L-1) markedly shortened the mean germination time of wheat seeds under salt stress by 0.23-0.42 days and significantly promoted the growth of both radicle and coleoptile. Further analysis revealed that 25 mg·L-1 5-ALA priming increased wheat swelling rates, as well as the activities of amylase, 6-phosphofructokinase, and hexokinase under salt stress, along with enhanced respiration rates and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, while significantly reducing starch and soluble sugar contents in wheat. Although 5-ALA priming did not mitigate excessive Na+ accumulation in wheat under salt stress, it effectively inhibited K+ loss induced by salt stress. Moreover, 5-ALA priming significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in wheat under salt stress. These findings suggest that 5-ALA seed priming promotes wheat seed germination and growth under salt stress by accelerating starch degradation, maintaining energy supply levels, and preserving ionic and redox homeostasis.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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