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In order to clarify the effects of post-flowering spraying of sulfur fertilizer on the formation of glutenin macro-polymer (GMP) and flour milling quality of strong-gluten wheat in Eastern of Hebei Province, the strong-gluten wheat varieties Zhongmai 886 and Jinnong 7 were selected in the present study, and the treatments of spraying of water (CK) and spraying of methanethionine (Met) and ammonium sulfate (S) were set up to analyze the changes of grain yield, protein content, GMP content and grain size distribution, and flour milling quality of strong-gluten wheat after post-flowering spraying of Met and ammonium sulfate (S). The results showed that compared with CK, the protein content of Zhongmai 886 was enhanced by 0.63 and 0.25 percentage points, and that of Jinnong 7 was increased by 0.64 and 0.27 percentage points after spraying Met and S, respectively. The GMP content of Zhongmai 886 kernels was increased by 0.37 and 0.15 percentage points under Met and S treatments, respectively, while that of Jinnong 7 was increased by 0.48 and 0.18 percentage points, respectively. However, Met treatment resulted in a 2.5% and 1.9% decrease in yield for Zhongmai 886 and Jinnong 7, respectively, while S treatment reduced yield by 8.6% and 9.2%. Post-flowering spraying of sulfur fertilizer promoted the increase in the volume, surface area and number ratio of large-size GMP particles in strong-gluten wheat kernels. Met treatment significantly increased the content of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, disulfide bonds and free sulfhydryl groups in strong-gluten wheat proteins, while S treatment mainly increased the content of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, disulfide bonds and free sulfhydryl groups. Met treatment optimized the rheological properties of strong-gluten wheat doughs across the board, while S treatment enhanced only the wet gluten of Zhongmai 886 and the water absorption of Jinnong 7. In conclusion, the post-flowering spraying of sulfur fertilizer reduced the yield slightly, but it improved the processing quality by regulating the glutenin polymerization composition, in which the spraying of Met had a more prominent improvement effect.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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