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To investigate the effects of foliar application of chelated titanium on dry matter accumulation and yield formation in late-sown winter wheat in Xinjiang, as well as to determine the optimal application timing and concentration, the study used Xindong 18, a winter wheat cultivar cultivated in the Ta'er Basin of Xinjiang. A two-factor split-plot field experiment was conducted at the demonstration base of the Tacheng Agricultural Science Research Institute in the Ta'er Basin from 2023 to 2025. The main plots were set up with two foliar application stages: the booting stage (D1) and the flowering stage (D2). The subplots were set up with four application concentrations: 0 μmol·L-1 (C0, distilled water control), 376 μmol·L-1 (C1), 501 μmol·L-1 (C2), and 626 μmol·L-1 (C3). We measured and analyzed the characteristics of wheat agronomic traits, dry matter, grain filling progress, yield, and yield components under different treatments. The results showed that under D1 conditions, compared with C0, C2 exhibited the greatest increases in wheat plant height, average stem diameter, and spike length in both years. In 2023—2024 and 2024—2025, dry matter accumulation of C2 increased by 25.57% and 14.20%, yield increased by 5.06% and 9.45%, respectively, while dry matter transport efficiency, grain filling rate, grain filling duration, and number of grains per spike all increased significantly. Under D2 conditions, the application of chelated titanium had no significant effect on wheat plant height, average stem diameter, or spike length; compared to C0, dry matter accumulation in C2 increased by 20.99% and 15.35%, yeid increased by 4.65% and 6.54% for the two consecutive years, respectively, while dry matter transport rate, grain filling rate, grain filling duration, and thousand-kernel weight all increased significantly. Overall, the D1C2 treatment had the best effect on promoting the growth and increasing the yield of late-sown winter wheat, which can address the yield reduction issues caused by reduced dry matter accumulation and shortened grain-filling duration in late-sown winter wheat.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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